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Fawa-id Cheikh Ibn Outhaymine
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Le temps des deux unités de prières de Douha !
Et il y a en cela une preuve que les 2 unités de prières de Douha, est une sounnah (note : non obligatoire) quotidienne (chaque jour).
Car si tu dois t’acquitter tous les jours d’une aumône pour chacune de tes articulations(*) et que les 2 unités de prières te suffisent (et t’exempte de t’acquitter de l’aumône pour chacune des articulations).
Cela implique donc, que la prière de Douha est une sounnah quotidienne, afin que la personne s’acquitte des aumônes qu’elle doit.
Les gens de sciences ont dit : Le temps des deux unités de prières de Douha débute avec le lever du soleil de l’équivalent de la taille d’une lance.
Cela signifie environ un quart d’heure à vingt minutes après le levet du soleil, juste avant le zénith.
Soit donc avant le zenith de dix minutes. Tout ceci (entre ces deux moments) c’est un moment pour la prière du Douha.
Et à n’importe quel moment on peut prier la prière du Douha : entre le levé du soleil de l’équivalent de la taille d’une lance jusqu’au temps du zénith.
Cela est certes permis mais le meilleur est que ce moment soit dans les derniers instants.
D’après la parole du Prophète (sallallahou ‘aleyhi wa sallem) :
« La prière de ceux qui sont pleins de repentir [se fait] lorsque les petits chameaux ressentent la chaleur du soleil ».
(Rapporté par Mouslim)
C’est-à-dire lorsque les petits chameaux se lèvent à cause de la forte chaleur du soleil; et c’est pour cela que les savants ont dit :
Le fait de retarder les 2 unités de prières de Douha jusqu’au dernier moment (de son temps) est meilleur que de l’accomplir au début de son temps.
Comme le Prophète (sallallahou ‘aleyhi wa sallem) recommandait de retarder la prière de ‘Isha à la fin de son temps, sauf en cas de difficultés.
Le fait est que, pour l’homme, Allah lui a certes ouvert les portes d’un chemin qui mènent à beaucoup de biens.
Et pour toute chose que l’homme fera vers ce chemin, la bonne action équivaut à dix bonnes actions équivalentes, jusqu’à sept-cent fois plus ou encore davantage.
Et c’est Allah qui donne le succès.
Cheikh Ibn Outhaymine (rahimouhou-LLah – qu’Allah lui fasse miséricorde)
Explication du Livre Riyadh As-Salihin
Traduction audio rapprochée par La Routine du Mouslim.
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(*)Note :
D’après Bourayda (qu’Allah l’agrée), le Prophète (sallallahou ‘aleyhi wa sallem) a dit: « Il y a chez l’homme trois cent soixante articulations, il doit faire une aumône pour chacune de ses articulations (1) ».
Ils ont dit: Qui est capable de faire cela ô messager d’Allah ?
Le Prophète (que la prière d’Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) a dit: « Un crachat dans la mosquée que tu vas enterrer (2), une chose que tu vas enlever du chemin et si tu ne peux pas alors deux unités de prière au moment du doha (3) te suffisent (4) ».
(Rapporté par Ahmed et authentifié par Cheikh Albani dans Sahih Targhib n°666)
(1) C’est à dire chaque jour comme ceci est précisé dans d’autres hadiths authentiques.
(2) C’est à dire que ceci est une aumône, la chose suivante est également une aumône etc…
(3) Le temps de la prière surérogatoire du doha commence lorsque le soleil est levé et bien élevé dans le ciel et se termine juste avant le zénith.
(4) C’est à dire que faire deux unités de prière surérogatoire au moment du doha permet à la personne de s’acquitter des trois cent soixante aumônes quotidiennes.
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وفيه أيضًا دليل على أن ركعتي الضحى سُنَّةٌ، سُنَّةٌ كلَّ يومٍ، لأنه إذا كان كل يوم عليك صدقة على كل عضو من أعضائك، وكانت الركعتان تجزئ، فهذا يقتضي أن صلاة الضحى سنة كل يوم، من أجل أن تقضي الصدقات التي عليك.
قال أهل العلم: وسُنة الضحى يبتدئ وقتُها مع ارتفاع الشمس قدر رُمحٍ، يعني حوالي ربع إلى ثلث ساعة بعد الطلوع، إلى قبيل الزوال، أي إلى قبل الزوال بعشر دقائق، كل هذا وقت لصلاة الضحى، في أي وقت فيه تصلى ركعتي الضحى، ما بين ارتفاع الشمس قدر رمح إلى وقت الزوال، فإنَّه يجزئ لكن الأفضل أن تكون في آخر الوقت، لقول النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: «صلاةُ الأوَّابين حين تَرْمَضُ الفِصَالُ»، يعني حين تقوم الفصال من الرمضاء لشدَّة حرارتها؛ ولهذا قال العلماء: إنَّ تأخير ركعتي الضُّحَى إلى آخر الوقت أفضل من تقديمها، كما كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يستحبُّ أن تؤخَّرَ صلاةُ العشاء إلى آخر الوقتِ، إلَّا مع المشَقَّةِ.
فالحاصل أنَّ الإنسانَ قد فتح الله له أبواب طرقِ الخير كثيرة، وكلُّ شيءٍ يفعله الإنسان من هذه الطرق، فإنَّ الحسنة بعشر أمثالها، إلى سبعمائة ضعف، إلى أضعاف كثيرة. والله الموفق.
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